Build First, Safeguard Later
By Etienne Koeppel, Shruti Trikanad, and Caragh Aylett-Bullock
Spain

Return to id map Contributor: Jose Arraiza Organization: Independent researcher Last update: Chapeau Spain has a long history of implementing regulations and laws surrounding digital ID. These laws and regulations are through various levels as high as the EU and on a national level. Since the 1990s, National ID cards have evolved through the years […]
Kenya

Return to id map Contributor: Laura Goodwin, Yasah Musa, Emmanuel OkiriOrganization: Namati, Nubian Rights ForumLast update: Chapeau Kenya stands out as one of the (or the only so far? Maybe the first?) country that has successfully used litigation to hold back the roll out of a digital identity system – twice. This is in part […]
Myanmar

Return to id map Contributor: Jose ArraizaOrganization: Independent researcherLast update: Chapeau Currently, Myanmar is a state under military capture. This fact is important to understanding the human rights impact of implementing a Digital ID program that can be used by the military to strengthen its control over citizens through surveillance and repression. Military control also […]
Nigeria

Return to id map Contributor: Tunde OkunoyeOrganization: University of the Witwatersrand, JohannesburgLast update: Chapeau Please write a short paragraph (250 words or less) highlighting some of the things unique or specific to that country. This will serve as the blurb that pops up on the map/visualization that, when clicked on, will lead to the page […]
South Africa

Return to id map Contributor: Jonathan KlaarenOrganization: SA Digital ID Law & Technology OverviewLast update: Chapeau South Africa currently has an identification act, but it is not a digital ID system. There is currently a draft Digital ID Bill that was proposed a year ago in April. The draft extends the identification database to temporary […]
Uganda

Return to id map Contributor: Katelyn Cioffi Organization: Center for Human Rights & Global Justice, NYU School of Law Last update: Chapeau The Registration of Persons Act, 2015 (ROPA) forms the legal basis for the Ugandan national digital ID system. This legislation was passed the year after mass registration for the national ID began in […]
Ecuador

Return to id map Contributor: Juan De Brigard Organization: Independent Last update: Input Colombia has a national identity card known as the “cédula de ciudadanía” (Citizenship card) for nationals over 18 years of age. It is historically tied to the right to vote, as it was implemented as the unique and mandatory mean for identifying […]
Between Progress and Exclusion: The Human Rights Challenges of Digital ID
By José María Arraiza, independent researcher at the HR4ID Coalition
United Kingdom

Return to id map Contributor: Katelyn CioffiOrganization: Center for Human Rights & Global Justice, NYU School of LawCountry: United KingdomLast update: 1.1. Which are the specific laws creating and regulating Digital ID and what is their hierarchy (constitutional, organic laws, regional/sub-state laws, regulations, procedures)? Several pieces of legislation help to regulate digital ID in the […]